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This semester has certainly been a journey in learning the Persian language, but also in self-discovery. Unlike many of the people enrolled in the self-directed language program at the University of Richmond, I had a background in Persian, built up over years of hearing my family members speak to each other. Throughout the semester, from what I learned in both the 105 and 110 classes, I slowly began to understand my family’s culture, language, and how those affected their viewpoints on life that I couldn’t previously understand.

Probably the biggest message that has been imparted to me this semester is how closely entwined language and culture are with each other. One simply does not exist without the other. Growing up, though I could not understand my parent’s language, I tried hard to understand the culture, but it never truly clicked with me. Now I understand that it was because I did not know the language. I couldn’t really appreciate the meaning of cultural traditions like our Norooz, or New Year, ceremony without knowing the meaning of the words that accompanied it. Many of the mannerisms and behaviors of my extended family, who mostly do not speak English, confused me, and I now realize it is because I was not familiar with their language, and therefore culture, and they were not familiar with mine. I am looking forward to being reunited with my extended family in the future, and being able to more sensitively appreciate their culture, along with being able to better communicate with them in their native language.

This semester, I also learned to appreciate why my parents never taught me Persian. Most of my friends who have foreign parents grew up bilingual, and I was envious that I didn’t have that opportunity. But through learning about the experiences of “culture shock” and the New York Times article about bilingualism and the negative views of it in the twentieth century, I can better understand my parents’ rationale. They thought that by knowing only English fluently, I could better integrate into English-speaking society and not have to go through the disorientation of culture shock like they had. Also, neuroscientists previously thought that multilingualism would diminish children’s cognitive capacity, and my parents may have subscribed to that theory. Knowing all of these things from our class readings has taken away my resentment towards my parents about not knowing the language of my ancestors, and has made me more determined to keep studying at it to be able to understand my family better.

Finally being able to understand my family’s culture was hastened by being in the MLC 105 class. Every week, we would talk about the cultures of our target languages, which was our assigned topic. But as many of us also came from other diverse cultures, those would creep their way into the conversations. So even though we were studying Korean, Bosnian, Urdu, Hindi, Persian, and Gujarati, we also learned about Turkish and Mongolian, and our classmates’ personal experiences with things like “cultural competence” and “culture shock” – things that we were learning about in class, but for some of us, had actually lived through. Just being able to talk with this group of people weekly for an hour was really enriching, and opened my eyes to the diversity of cultures just in our small class on the small Richmond campus. By learning about such different cultures, I was able to better understand and analyze my own.

I am excited to continue learning Persian in the future. It has given me another way to connect with my parents, even though I am living apart from them for the first time in my life. The better I can understand the Persian language, the better I will be able to understand the Iranian culture and my family, along being more sensitive to the cultures of others.

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For this assignment, I taught my roommate Amanda how to conjugate verbs into the past tense. Unlike conjugating in the present tense, the past tense is completely regular in Persian. Amanda is from Puerto Rico and thus speaks English and Spanish fluently, and is also proficient in Italian, so I didn't foresee her having any trouble with this activity.

I first taught her the pronouns in Persian. Man (I), toh (you), oo (he, she, and it), ma (we), shoma (formal singular you or plural you), and anha (they). After about ten minutes she had them memorized. I then taught her the suffixes for each conjugation:

-am for man

-i for toh

no ending for oo

-im for ma

-id for shoma

-and for anha

I also told her how to change the infinitive to the conjugated form -- take off the "-an" infinitive ending and add the suffix to the stem. After practicing for a few minutes, she was able to say very simple sentences in Farsi, such as "I went" (man raftam), "he went" (oo raft), "they spoke" (anha sohbat kardand), or "we spoke" (ma sohbat kardim). By giving her the infinitive (in these cases, raftan and sohbat kardan), she was able to convert them to a sentence in the past.

This learning activity was very effective. It mirrored the way my language partner Mirwais taught me to conjugate verbs in the past. Occasionally Amanda would forget one of the pronouns or the suffixes, and we would go back to review. It reminded me that constant practice, repetition, and review is key to mastering a language task such as this one. Since conjugating verbs in the past is so easy and formulaic, this did not take very long, but a more complicated grammatical structure would definitely need more time.

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SDLC 110 Culture Presentation

Health in Iran

Attached is my culture presentation about health and healthcare in Iran. I talked about how healthcare works in Iran, its history, and how it connects to culture. For example, Iran is famous for its ancient medicine, and that history may be part of the reason why medicine is such an esteemed and prestigious career in Iranian culture. A high rate of obesity in Iran can be connected to its cuisine, which is mostly composed of rice and red meat. 

Sources:

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SDLAP 105 Final Reflection

Last summer, I’d conducted independent summer research project for my honors history thesis. While I had completed an independent research project the previous summer, this was the first time where the stakes seemed higher. The creative and gritty hard work that I would put in that summer would determine whether or not I should seriously consider a career in academia—so my professors had politely communicated to me. I liked the pressure to perform just as I imagined a strong PhD student would in the archives swimming in the unknown on one’s own. There was no structure. No one was going to tell me to do this or do that. I enjoyed myself. I planned trips to historic sites around the country, requested rare materials from libraries from all over, and spent hours immersed in conversations and miscellaneous material related to my area of study. I felt great. I became so confident in my ability to independently learn, that I decided my senior year would include as many independent learning courses as possible. When I decided to take SDLAP 110, I believed my unstructured approach to summer research would be the same as that of learning a language.

I forgot to take one main thing into account in approaching language study as I did my research over the summer. While my thesis research felt completely free of requirements, it was not. I had a thesis in mind at all times. I had at least some sense of what I was looking for. I was able to sift through what was important and what was not in the mountains of stacks of information. My summer was indeed uninhibited and free of restraints and boundaries. I read anything and everything that I wanted—whether experts in the field would consider the literature relevant or not. Yet, I knew after a certain time exactly what I was looking for. Everything kind of funneled into this thesis. It served as a sort of compass for my reading and learning. Language-learning I discovered, can and probably should be approached similarly. The world of language and culture is vast. There is no formal thesis or argument at the end of the learning experience. It is very easy to get lost or overwhelmed by what you perceive to be your own stagnating “slow progress.”

I think this is where well-thought out, challenging goals and subgoals come into play. They can serve as measurements that you can look back on and proudly proclaim finished. They also serve as a tangible roadmap to your desired destination. They allow you to make your knowledge, your learning, useful to you. It encourages applicable mastery—the ability to demonstrate control over your material in a variety of contexts or situations. I became conscious of the positive benefits of independent goal-setting in the days leading up to the final exam. I was nervous and was unsure if I had really learned enough despite the hours I put in throughout the semester. All of this anxiety was unnecessary.

This semester of SDLAP helped me to understand the usefulness of goal-setting in two ways. First, it is a very logical, practical way to get from point A to point B in manageable steps. Second, well-though out provides for oneself as a sort of tangible and creative way to show yourself and others just how far you’ve come from the beginning. In times of doubt or overconfidence, one can look at the “roadmap” and get a more realistic, concrete sense of where one really is in the language learning process. As I plan for SDLAP 111, I plan to take far more careful consideration in the formulation of my goals and subgoals.

I think this ability to set quality learning goals is actually one of the most beneficial skills I hope to leave with by the end of senior year. This is, I think, an invaluable skill to have whether one is learning to do anything really.  Of course, this means more than saying “I want to read a novella” for instance. It requires one to think backwards in a way. What would I need to read a novella? How many different vocabulary words does a novella typically have? Do you know your cases? What might you need to do to learn cases? What is the particular novella about? Am I reasonably equipped with the vocabulary necessary? Here, Dr. Grove’s suggestion to “quantify” one’s learning resonates well here. This is one method I plan to employ more strictly next semester. Taking more care to assign “learning tasks” I have found most effective to certain goals might also be useful. For instance, if I found flashcards for vocabulary, be sure to drill at least 20 a week with that method. If I find pictionary or charades at the end of the week to be a useful exercise to test vocabulary fluency, than I’d do that each week.

 

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Final Reflection Paper

Pooja Patel

Dr. Grove

SDLC Hindi

14 December 2012

Final Reflection

My journey of learning Hindi this semester has had its highs and its lows.

I decided to learn Hindi for numerous reasons. One of the main reasons was so I could reconnect with the Indian culture. Having been born and raised in Indian, it was crucial for me to know the national language of the country. In many ways Hindi was starting to become a dead language for me. After being in America and not having frequent exposure to Hindi, I was starting to forget the language. I forgot how to read and write as soon as I came to the US. Now, I was not able to talk in Hindi either. However, knowing my national language mattered to me. The language’s rival in my life was vital.

This semester I was able to reintroduce myself to Hindi. My goal for this semester was to achieve the “elementary” level of Hindi. I already understood Hindi. By the end of this semester I was hoping to learn how to read write, and speak. From constant interactions with my language partner, I was able to learn how to speak. Since a culture is a large part of self-directed learning, I was able to explore the Indian culture. India is a vast country with numerous languages and various cultures. Amid all of them, it is hard to identify a single Indian culture. By having conversations with my language partner, I learned multiple cultures put together help define the broader Indian culture.  

Next semester, I will be enrolled in the upper level SDLAP. This will allow me to further all that I have learned this semester. This semester, I was not able to reach all of the goals that I had set for myself. Going into the next semester, I will be focusing more on the reading and the writing component of Hindi.

I believe that I have made considerable progress with Hindi this semester. Therefore, I look forward to learning Hindi next semester. 

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SDLAP 110 Language Partner Meeting #12

Language Partner Meeting #12

Goal for the semester: My goal for this semester is achieve the “elementary” level of Hindi, i.e. read, write, and speak.

Week: 11/26/12 – 12/2/12

Goal for the day: Final Revision

Final language partner meeting with Sanya!  

Today was revision day. We reviewed alphabets. We talked bout days of the week and time. Food and clothing came into play as we talked about culture.

After this moved on to working on my culture presentation. I decided to do my presentation on Diwali, the Indian festival of lights. Sanya helped with the organization of the project. We settled on talking about history of the festival, some common traditions, and the ways of celebrating. My goal for this project was to define what Indian culture really was. As I did research, I found that it is the sects of different cultures in Indian that make up the larger Indian culture. Keeping that in mind, I decided to see how North India celebrated Diwali differently than the South. India is known for its elaborate clothing. Therefore, I decided research what kinds of outfits are wore during the festival. In this project I also wanted to utilize what I had learned from SDLC 105. I talked about the importance of family in the Indian culture. I also looked at the macro-level and explored the values of the larger Indian society. 

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SDLAP 110 Language Partner Meeting #11

Language Partner Meeting #11

Goal for the semester: My goal for this semester is achieve the “elementary” level of Hindi, i.e. read, write, and speak.

Week: 11/19/12 – 11/25/12

Goal for the day: Grammar

This week’s “to do” was grammar. After having a hard time with reading, my language partner and I decided to focus on speaking.

Sanya gave me sentence structures. She explained how a basic sentence in Hindi is set up. After receiving this template, we started talking. I had better luck with talking than I did with reading. Utilizing the vocabulary that I had learned over the course of the semester, I was able to strike a real conversation. We talked about our likes and dislikes. I was able to talk about food using the fruits and vegetables vocabulary I had learned earlier. I was also able to use some of the business vocabulary.  Overall, this meeting went a lot better than the prior one!

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Final Reflection on the semester

My experiences with the self-directed learning at UR has been very beneficial to my learning of the Hebrew language.   Working with Shir has been such a positive of my last semester.   We had a very flexible schedule together, but we always got together and worked on Hebrew.  I was shocked at how quickly I was learning the language by studying it on my own, but most of all my talking and listening to Shir.   Shir and I met at many different places over the course of the semester.  We explored the city of Richmond together, walked along some parks and tried out different restaurants.  At each location we would talk about the location in Hebrew and then talk about our week, how things were going, and what tests or papers we had coming up.   In addition, I was most excited about learning how to read the first page of my Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone book in Hebrew.   I bought the book in Israel and when I bought it I made a goal to myself that I would do my best to try and learn Hebrew well enough to begin to read the book.   I still have a lot more reading comprehension and recognition of vocabulary to work on; however, I truly feel comfortable entering into a beginning conversation in Hebrew with someone.  If anyone wants to know about food, or ask me how I am doing.  I feel comfortable having an introductory conversation with that person.   

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Reflection on Cultural presentations

Sadly I was only able to see two cultural presentations, both of them based on the language of Urdu.  I knew nothing about Afganistan before the presentation.   I thought it was beautiful to see pictures and listen to the presentation about how Afganistan used to be what the West would deem a very "modern" country:  people listening to the beatles, short skirts, and bob and push up hairstyles.  It was tragic to here about how Afganistan became a nation where it is now.  The presentation really gave me a stronger sense of appreciation for Afganistan as a country and taught me that the country hasn't always been under Shiriah law.   If the country ever opens up and becomes more accepting, I would love to visit the country.  

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Cultural Topic: Family

The topic of family is extremely important in both Jewish and Israeli culture. The background of Jewish history of assimilation, diaspora, and persecution.  This makes being Jewish a very familial thing. This semester I started to conduct research with Hillel on the Former Soviet Union and immigration for religious freedom to the U.S. and Israel. From the conversations I've had, these people were scared to be publicly Jewish, and thus religion was something that was only shared among family. I feel like this culture of familial importance and emphasis has spread to Israel. Since Israel is an immigrant nation, people arriving in Israel not only spoke different languages, but brought with them different ideals and and practices. While over time Hebrew and an Israeli culture dominate, Israelis still hold close to them the unique traditions of their families and pass them on throughout the generations. For me, I hold the Jewish traditions and values, but I am also culturally mixed with my Italian catholic side of the family which has allowed me to learn more about both cultures.

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Week 15

During this week, Shir and I got together and really emphasized working on my vocabulary and feeling comfortable speaking.  Shir had me write down our conversations in Hebrew and this really helped me to work on my spelling.  We had the Hebrew Final on December 8th and it went really well.   Over break I plan on going online to a couple of websites to maintain my vocabulary.   I am excited to start working on Hebrew some more next semester.  

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Reflection Paper #2

The chapter on Sociocultural Factors had a number of interesting points on language learning and experiences outside of ones own cultural background. The first one that I could really relate my academic work to was the section on linguistic imperialism. In modern day, English is accepted as a universal language, however this is not a concept that was just born one day. Over years of imperialism and colonialism, English speaking nations have dominated the global arena not just militarily and economically, but through the spread of language, ideology, and values. These latter ones thus undermine the native culture and norms with the domination of Western ideals. I think this is extremely important to consider today as Westerners plan their travels and recognize the value of learning about the behaviors and culture of the country they are visiting rather than expecting to be accommodated in English by people who have adapted to Western culture. Being in Israel, all street signs are posted in Hebrew, English, and Arabic. I have never stopped to think how it must feel as an Arab or Israeli to have all three languages. On the one hand, this promotes tourism, however, on the other, it undermines the value of having a distinct and unique culture. This leads to the question of the Whorfian hypothesis of whether a language reflects a world view or whether it shapes one. I believe that there is truth to both, however, as an international studies major I can argue the latter better. I think the Cold War struggle of containment/liberation between communism and democracy was very much at the same time a struggle between different ways of life and understandings of the world. Much of the rhetoric used in the Cold War served to export these  ideologies by promising a better standard of living. You started seeing personal televisions, bathrooms, and later cell phones, valued in societies that were no where near as developed in infrastructure or economy to necessitate these commodities. I think that the topics above are a perfect representation of the "Stage 3 of Culture Shock" discussed in the chapter. The exciting euphoria of Stage 1 wears off once people realize that the language has thus also channeled a cultural discourse away from one's native cultural values and associations.

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New Journal Entry #13

The article "How Immersion Helps to Learn a Language" discusses how language immersion allows people to process and apply a new language with native-like capability. In my opinion, immersion is an easy and efficient way to learn and significantly improve a learner's ability to grasp a language. I can make an example of this out of my own experience, since my capability to speak Russian and Ukrainian proficiently without stuttering and getting confused with the phrasing of English opposed to Russian, is visibly better when I'm back home in Ukraine because the dominant language being spoken and heard by myself and my surroundings is Russian. This is also due to the fact that I do not have an option to rely on another language like english, and in order for others to understand what I am trying to say I have to interact with my peers and family in Russian, and make sure that what I am saying makes sense in Russian even if the phrasing is not what makes sense in English (a problem I very often run in to.)  My Russian speaking capabilities and clarity once I come home from Ukraine to the US are significantly better. On the other hand, due to my absence from the US, my English goes through the same struggles as does my Russian, because I become accustomed to hearing and speaking one specific language. I have definitely heard of language immersion before, however I had not really read any studies that supported the theory of language immersion up until I read this article. I also found the study that used electroencephalography, which is a test that measures brain processing in order to determine that people who learn a language through language immersion, actually end up using the brain patterns of a native speaker. It is very reassuring that the brain patterns that are found during immersion are not present with the language learners who learn the sam language in a formal setting, such as a typical classroom. Overall I believe that there is nothing more significant that language immersion for a language learner who is seeking to polish his or her skills in a native manner, which is what makes the difference between being an amateur and a capable speaker of a language being learned. 

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