Korean culture is very famous around China nowadays, and the young like watching Korean drama and pursuing Korean fashion. South Korea is a very vibrant destination for a tour, and it is full of beautiful historical and artistic attraction. Because of the vacation to South Korea this summer, I have motivation to learn every useful vocabularies and sentences for helping me to have simple communication with the local. So far, I found that Korean is kind of similar to Chinese in structure, politeness rules, and some borrowed vocabularies.
So far, I worked well with my study partner, we have already learned several topics, which cover the following topics, greeting/self-introduction, family members, food, how to order things, hobbies, interests, numbers, dates, birthday. (I attach the details at the end of this paper)
To truly understand Korean is the efficient way to explore the culture that surrounds it. Korean has a fascinating culture with K-pop and dramas, and the biggest competitive gaming scene. Korean also has a rich cultural history back thousands years for me to explore. Korean has a really strong sense about speaking to different level. Through research online, there are seven verb paradigms or speech levels in Korean, and each level has its own unique set of verb ending, which is used to indicate the level of formality of a situation. In Korean, honorifics are used to show respect toward somebody, and speech level is used to show respect towards a speaker’s or writer’s audience, or reflect formality or informality of the situation. There are three kinds of level in Korean, which are higher level, middle level and lower level. The common style of speaking is higher level(formality). Usually this conversation is used between strangers at the start of a conversation, or among male co-workers, by TV announcers, to customers and some fixed expressions, such as “nice to meet you.” The middle level of Korean speech style is used when there is uncertainty and conflict about the social status of one or both participants in this conversation. It represents politeness for the participant in the conversation. Lower level are used frequently in conversation, when people talk to close friends or relatives of similar age, and adults to children.
Korean alphabet is known as Hangul. It has 24 consonant and vowel letter to compose Korean character. For someone new to Asian culture, it may look like Chinese writing system. However, the Korean writing system is literally a phonetic system(just like English) with simple letters to represent each of its various phonemes or sound. Korean can be written in vertical columns running from top to bottom and right to left, or in horizontal line running from left to right. I have studied the Korean writing system by myself in this website. www.howtostudykorean.com. I also used the Korean alphabet chart to memorize each pronunciation of each character.
My cultural project is going to talk about Korean cuisine. Korean cuisine is largely based upon rice, vegetables and meats. In addition, traditional Korean meals are noted for the number of side dishes (banchan), and Kimchi is served always in every family. How the Korean cuisine evolved through centuries of social and political change, what process of making Kimchi is, and why Korean get used to eating Kimchi as daily dish. Korean beverage is also really interesting, because all Korean traditional nonalcoholic beverages are considered as “eumcheong”, which means “clear beverages.” Besides nonalcoholic beverage, soju is the best-known liquor. I am really looking forward to exploring my cultural project, because Korean food is my favorite.
- Greetings/Self-Introduction
- Learn how to greet people in different period of a day, how to introduce myself when I meet a new person, and what to say when I leave. Learn how to introduce where I am from and what I major in, and ask others where they come from and major in.
Vocabulary:
yo in the end - polite form
annyonghasaeyo - hello
pangapsepnida - nice to meet you
je/jo - I
Gujjok - You
muoya - what is it
yirum - name
Ottoke - how to do when you are confused
jineshutoyo - asking for well being
jungguk - China
Miguk - America
Hanguk - Korea
aeseo - from
watseoyo - came
haksang - student
jungong - major
yonghua - movie
gua - and
dokseo - reading
yori - cooking
gaseyo - please go
Greeting: annyonghasaeyo (hello) pangapsepnida (nice to meet you). je (my) yirumun (name is) _____ yipnida. Gujjogun (your) yiremi (name) muoyeyo (what is)? Ottoke (how have) jineshutoyo (are you doing?)
Self-Introduction: je (my) yirumun (name is) _____ yipnida. Jonun (I am) semusal (20 years old) yipnida (is/are). Jonun (I am) jungguk (China) eseo (from) watseoyo (came). Jonun haksang (student) ipnida (is). Je jungongun (major is) buziniss (business) ipnida (is).
Je chimi (hobby) nun (is) dokseo (reading) yipnida.
Je chimi nun yonghua (movie) bogi (watching) yipnida.
Je chimi nun shopping gua (and) yori (cooking) yipnida.
Questions:
Yirumyi muoyeyo? (what is your name?)
Chimiga muoyeyo? (what is your hobby?)
Odieso *where* watsoyo? (Where are you from?)
Haksang yiyeyo? (Are you a student?)
End:
Annyonghi gaseyo (good bye)
Date: Feb 11th, 2015
Time: 10:30 a.m. -
- Family
- how to introduce family members, and ask others their family members. I will learn vocabularies of sister, brother, parents, grandparents, cousin, aunt, and uncle.
Vocabulary:
gajok - family
umma - mother
omoni - mother (formal)
appa - father
abeoji - father (formal)
halmoni - grandma
halabeoji - grandpa
chin halmoni/halabeoji - dad side grandma/grandpa
wae halmoni/halabeoji - mom side grandma/grandpa
samchon - uncle
imo - aunt
dongsang - younger ones
unni - older sister
yeo dongsang - younger sister
nam dongsang - younger brother
yeoja - female
namja - male
oppa - older brother
sonbae - someone who is older and goes to the same school
hubae - someone who is younger and goes to the same school
sogae - introduce
gurigo - and
yitseo - have
maknae - the youngest one
dae hak yo - university
Introducing
anyonghasaeyo, je (my) gajokul (family) sogae (introduce) hagetsupnida (will do). Jonun oppa, unni, umma, appa, halmoni, halabeoji gurigo (and) samchon yitseoyo (have). Jega (I) maknae yipnida (am). Jonun Richmond dae hak yo (university) ae (from) Cecilia hubaega yitseoyo.
Question:
Q: _______ yitseoyo? - yo should have a high pitch
A: nae (yes)/aniyo (no), _____ yitseoyo.
- Food, how to order things
- I will learn vocabularies of basic vegetables, fruit, dishes, and snacks. I will learn how to order food in the restaurant, what I like to eat, ask what others like to eat, and ask about whether they like their meals.
Vocabulary:
Food name:
bab - meal
gogi - meat
bulgogi - fire meat (popular Korean marinated beef meat)
samgyupsal - pork & soju - Korean vodka 20%
dak gogi - chicken meat & makju - beer
yang nyum chicken - marinated chicken
nalgae - chicken wings
steake - steak
sam gye tang - chicken soup
sogogi tang - beef soup
guail - fruit
sagua - apple
subak - watermelon
bae - pear
banana - banana
olangee - orange
kiwi - kiwi
boksungah - peach
podo - grape
jusee - juice
waple - waffle
bbang - bread
ice klim - ice cream
ssal - rice
kimchi - kimchi
gye lan - egg
copee - coffee
hae mul - seafood
sae wu - shrimp
su shi - sushi
lobsta - lobster
kim - seaweed
huae - sashimi
ddok - rice cake
guk - soup
dubu tang - toufu soup
guaja - snacks
yachae - vegetables
to ma to - tomato
gamja - potato
japchae - glass noodles with fried vegitables
guaja - chips
lamyun - instant noodle
bibimbab - hot pot mixed vegi with rice
achim - breakfast
jumsim - lunch
jeo nyuk - dinner
Dialogue at a restaurant
A: oseo osaeyo (welcome=quickly come), yogi anjesaeyo (please sit)
B: nae
A: mu et sul (what) jumun (order) hasigetseoyo (would you like to)?
B: jamsimanyo (please wait)
A: nae
B: jeogiyo/unni/imo (hey, excuse me), jumun (order) halgaeyo (I will do). Bulgogi, bibimbab, samgyetang, yangnyum chicken gurigo makju jusaeyo (please give).
A: minjeng (ID) boyeo (show) jusaeyo (please give).
B: yeogiyo (here it is)
A: nae, gamsahapnida.
B: unni, banchan (side dish) duh (more) jusaeyo (please give)
A: algaetsupnida (okay)
A: ulmayaeyo (how much is it?)
B: sam man won (30,000 Korean currency) yipnida. Gamsahapnida, daum (next) ae ddo (again) osaeyo (come)
A: nae~
- Hobbies, interests
- I will learn how to tell others my hobbies, and ask what others hobbies are. I will learn at least ten words on different hobbies.
Vocabulary:
chimi - hobby
jowayo - like
an jowayo - don’t like it that much
xiloyo - don’t like
an xiloyo - I not not like it
nae/aniyo - yes/no
ge nyang ge le yo - it’s whatever
jal hatseoyo - good job
tul lutseoyo - wrong
mult gae - how many
yit da - there are
hada - do
hago sipda - I want to do
an hago sipda - I don’t want to do
jjikda - take (photo)
dokseo - reading
su yong - swimming
yeo hang - travel
yong hua - movie
emak - music
sho ping - shopping
dduida - running
yo li - cooking
com pu ta game - computer game
sa jin - photo
What hobbies do you have? chimiga moyeyo? chimi mult gae yitseoyo? (how many hobbies do you have)
Do you like to ____? yeohang jowa haeyo?
I like doing _____. nae, yeohang jowa haeyo. sa jin jjik nungirl jowa haeyo.
I don’t like doing _____. aniyo, xilo haeyo.
- Numbers, colors, dates, birthday
- Learn how count from 1 to 100, tell others my phone numbers and ask their numbers. I will learn how to tell the date and day of the week, as well as months, seasons.
- I will learn how to say when is my birthday, and ask others when is their birthday.
Vocabulary:
Korean Traditional Numbers (age, counting objects)
Sino-numbers (dates, money, minutes, addresses, phone numbers)
1 - hana il
2 - dul e
3 - sat sam
4 - net sa
5 - da-sut o
6 - yeo-sut yuk
7 - yil-gop qil
8 - yeo dul pal
9 - a-hop gu
10 - yul sip
100 - bak
1000 - chun
Dates:
Monday - Wol yoil
Tuesday - Hwa yoil
Wednesday - Su yoil
Thursday - Mok yoil
Friday - Kem yoil
Saturday - To yoil
Sunday - il yoil
day - il
January - ilol
February - ewol
March - samol
April - saol
May - owol
June - uwol
July - chilol
August - palol
September - guwol
October - siwol
November - sip yilol
December - sip ewol
Year - nyun
Born - Sang
If I want to say I was born in 92, then I would say gusip yi nyun sang
Sun - June 27th 1992 - uwol, yisip qil il, chun gubak gusip yi nyun
Melody - December 13th 1993 - sip ewol, sip sam il, chun gubak gusip sam nyun
Yuki - February 3rd 1994 - ewol sam il, chun gubak gusip sa nyun
Cecilia - October 10th 1995 - siwol sip il, chun gubak gusip o nyun
When were you born - Myut nyun sang yiyeyo?
What day is it today - onul musun nal yiyeyo?
New Vocabularies:
Today - onul
Tomorrow - nae il
Yesterday - uh jae
The day before yesterday - ut geje
The day after tomorrow - mo le
4 Season - sa gyejul
Spring - bom
Summer - Yeo rum
Autumn - ga ul
Winter - gyo ool
Time - si gan
Clock - shi gae
How old - myutsal
How many - myut gae
More words:
na - me
nuh - you
ya - dude, you (friends)
na rang - with me
nuh rang - with you
halle - want to do (informal way); halleyo (polite way)
nolle - want to hang out (informal way); nolleyo (polite way)
nolda - play/hang out
nolja - let’s hang out
bappa - busy (informal way) bappayo (polite way)
Useful phrases:
What are you doing - mohae yo?
I’m busy - jeonun bappayo/na bappa (to friends)
Do you have time - Sigan it seoyo?
Tomorrow I have time - naeil sigan it seoyo.
Want to be my date today? - onul narang (with me) date halleyo (want to do?)?
Wanna play today? - onul narang nolle?
dude let’s hang out - ya nolja
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