Is there an alphabet? If yes, how many letters? What do they represent? Are there significant differences between manuscript and print? Has the system changed over time?
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Korean uses Hangul as their alphabet/writing system. Compared to Chinese, it's much easier to read. It involves fewer lines just for one character. Writing is not that hard either. It comprises mostly of lines and circles. In hangul there are 14 consonants and 10o vowels. However when certain vowels are combined together, they create a new vowel/sound (which is more complicated). Matching a character to the English version is simple. However the most difficult part is correct pronunciation. Sometimes certain letters require a short sound or a long sound, sometimes it sounds like a combination of 2 sounds. I have the most difficulty pronouncing vowels whose equivalent is 2 English letters, because they are the most complicated ones. For example " - " is read as eu or " -l " is read as eo. In pronouncing these sounds, I use my knowledge of Cantonese to relate these Korean sounds to similar sounds in Canto so as to gain a better understanding as to how the letter should sound. There are no differences between manuscript and print. The letters only represent letters, nothing else. In Korean, a letter can never stand by itself, it must always be paired with another letter.
The Hindi alphabet is more complex than the English one. Moreover, the script, called Devanagari, is totally different to the Latin script since it lays emphasis on phonetic syllables. For example, there is a difference between ka and kha. I guess, this is the hardest part for students without any previous experience in Hindi.
To continue, the Hindi alphabet consists of 13 vowels and 33 consonants. Minor differences in manuscript and print exist. Finally, the system has changed over time. The modern Hindi, as it is known today, was established after India's independence in 1947. It is interesting to observe that English and German, among others, have adapted words from Hindi origin, for instance Shampoo (capna - to massage) or Punsch (panj - five).
Yes, there is a Hindi Alphabet. The Hindi language is called vyanjan. My language partner taught me 34 consonants and 13 vowels. I had some trouble when I was learning the letters because there are several letters that sound almost exactly the same. It is quite hard to distinguish between them. The letters by itself look a little different than when put together in a word. When writing a word the letters are all connected to each other. The system has changed over time. My language partner told me that there are certain letters that have "died out" and are no longer used as commonly.
The Korean alpahbet is known as Hangul and consists of 24 consonant and vowel letters. Hangul letters are organized and grouped into blocks, such as 한 han, each of which transcribes a syllable. Therefore although the syllable 한 han may look like a single character, it is actually composed of three letters: ㅎ (h), ㅏ (ah), and ㄴ (ne) [example from Wikipedia]. Each syllabic block is comprised of two to five letters. This includes at least one consonant and one vowel. These blocks are then arranged horizontally from left to right or vertically from top to bottom.
There were originally three different systems for writing Korean which were adapted from Chinese characters: Hayangchal, Gukyeol and Idu. However, the Korean alphabet was invented in 1444 during the Joseon Dynasty. The alphabet was then called Hunmin jeoneum. However, the modern name of the alphabet is Hangeul.
Hangeul consists of 24 letters: 14 consonants and 10 vowels. The letters do not stand alone but are combined to form syllable blocks. Until the 1980s, Korean was written in vertical columns from right to left, which later changed to writing in horizontal columns from left to right. The shapes of the vowels represent man (a vertical line), earth (a horizontal line) and heaven (a dot). Words are made up of one or more syllables and there are spaces between words. The sounds of the consonants can change according to where they are placed in the syllable.
However, I have not come across any resource that suggest that there are differences between manuscript and print in Korean.
The Korean alphabet is called the Hangul and was invented almost 600 years ago. It consists of 24 letters (14 consonants and 10 vowels) and each letter represents a sound (just like in English). Words are written from left to right, top to bottom, and organized in blocks. There are not many significant differences between manuscript and print, except for the font. The system has changed over time regarding the direction of written Korean. In earlier times, Korean was written from right to left, but has now evolved to be written from left to right.
So Swedish uses the same alphabet as English but they have three more vowels than English. So I guess that makes for 29 letters! In Swedish, the letter Y is always a vowel, which is something different from English where Y can be both a vowel and a consonant. Swedish is spelled in a way that is much more phonetic so it is easier to know how to spell a word based on hearing it. Very rarely are their words I can't spell because they are irregular in some way. The only difference between script and manuscript Swedish is that Swedes have developed a shorthand for marking their three extra vowels (Å, Ä, and Ö). Although that is what it looks like when typed, Swedes typically do not write out all the rings and dots on the top of those letters when they are scribbling by hand. I think that throughout time this system has been pretty static.
The Korean alphabet, known as Hangul, has 24 consonant and vowel letters.
Rather than writing across in a straight line, Korean words are organized into blocks. What may look like a single characters is actually the composition of 2 to 5 letters. These blocks are then organized from left to right or top to bottom. So in a sense, the blocks are organized in a similar order as the English language; however, each block is the condensation of different letters. There is, however, a difference between Korean and English writing. In Korean, if you want to write with just a vowel and no consonants, the block will use a placeholder "o" in the spot.
Korean as a language began with "Hangul", Korea's modern alphabet. Over time, the language today is composed of three parts. Hangul, Hanja, and Mi-ahlbhet-gul. Han'ja is the body of Chinese characters that have been incorporated into Korean, and Mi-ahlbhet-gul is for the words influenced by Western culture (there is no "ph" sound in Korean).
The Turkish alphabet consists of 29 letters and is read from left to right. The sounds for each letter is phonetic making it so that each sound must be pronounced individually. Until 1928, when Mustafa Kemal Atatürk issued a decree that replaced the previously used Arabic script with the current form which uses a Latin form of the alphabet, the Ottoman Turkish script was used. Currently only specific scholars and those who study this old script and people who learned to read previous to 1928 can understand the Ottoman Turkish script. In contrast to the English alphabet, the Turkish alphabet has 8 vowels instead of 5 (sometimes 6 when you include y). And while the Turkish alphabet does not include versions of "q", "w", or "x" it does include letters that represent the "ch" and "sh" sounds that we use in the English alphabet.
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